SONGS OF THE CIRCLE OF THE DAY IN GERMAN CULTURE (CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GENRE)
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УДК 78(079)
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Information about authors: Petri Elvira Korneevna, PhD in Art History, Instructor, Arzamas Music College (Arzamas, Russian Federation). E-mail: e-petri@mail.ru
Annotation: The task of the research is to characterize the German songs of the “circle of the day” and to identify the features of this genre. The term “picture of the world,” which is often used in humanitarian studies, includes a different understanding the phenomenon of time. The German culture is referred to as monochronous; time here is linear and divided into shorter segments than in the Russian culture: polychronous. This understanding of time leads to the emergence of musical genres that are absent in Russian music. Sound signals that mark time are more versatile than visual, they are available at any time of the day (unlike, e.g. a sundial). In medieval cities, time signals were played by urban musicians, most of whom were trumpeters. During the processions of the citizens of the trumpet accompanied by the singing, so the music gradually fixed intervals, characteristic of wind instruments at the same time with the semantics of the signal. The sound is often accompanied by a verbal “marker”: Wachet auf! – Good Night! “The circle of the day” consists of morning, lunch and evening songs. The appearance of these songs is associated with the practice of daily prayer; it is clear if we consider their content from the early to the modern samples. But in the 15–16th centuries there were many secular songs. In the morning, they sang about the sun and the chirping of birds, before lunch songs were different: from psalms to comic. Evening song was more than any other preserving the peculiarities of the prayers, they were usually focused on thoughts about human life, about eternity. The problem of correlation in understanding the phenomenon of time of natural and cultural origin is well studied by linguists. But musicologists come only to this aspect of the study of their field of knowledge.
Keywords: world picture, day circle, signal tone, morning, lunch and evening songs.
DOI:
Article ID in the RSCI:
Article file: Download
Information about authors: Petri Elvira Korneevna, PhD in Art History, Instructor, Arzamas Music College (Arzamas, Russian Federation). E-mail: e-petri@mail.ru
Annotation: The task of the research is to characterize the German songs of the “circle of the day” and to identify the features of this genre. The term “picture of the world,” which is often used in humanitarian studies, includes a different understanding the phenomenon of time. The German culture is referred to as monochronous; time here is linear and divided into shorter segments than in the Russian culture: polychronous. This understanding of time leads to the emergence of musical genres that are absent in Russian music. Sound signals that mark time are more versatile than visual, they are available at any time of the day (unlike, e.g. a sundial). In medieval cities, time signals were played by urban musicians, most of whom were trumpeters. During the processions of the citizens of the trumpet accompanied by the singing, so the music gradually fixed intervals, characteristic of wind instruments at the same time with the semantics of the signal. The sound is often accompanied by a verbal “marker”: Wachet auf! – Good Night! “The circle of the day” consists of morning, lunch and evening songs. The appearance of these songs is associated with the practice of daily prayer; it is clear if we consider their content from the early to the modern samples. But in the 15–16th centuries there were many secular songs. In the morning, they sang about the sun and the chirping of birds, before lunch songs were different: from psalms to comic. Evening song was more than any other preserving the peculiarities of the prayers, they were usually focused on thoughts about human life, about eternity. The problem of correlation in understanding the phenomenon of time of natural and cultural origin is well studied by linguists. But musicologists come only to this aspect of the study of their field of knowledge.
Keywords: world picture, day circle, signal tone, morning, lunch and evening songs.
